The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES) assesses motivation for change in problem drinkers. Reliable data from a clinical sample (N = 1,672) and test-retest (N = 82) study support its reliability. Factor analysis identified three stable factors: Recognition, Ambivalence, and Taking Steps..

The PCL (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist) is a standardized self-report scale for PTSD, with 17 items representing key PTSD symptoms. The PCL is adaptable, allowing adjustments for different time frames or event-specific inquiries, such as “the past week” or change-related questions.

The Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ) is a 10-item self-completion assessment for evaluating substance dependence, adaptable to alcohol and opiate users. It detects changes in dependence levels from mild to severe over time. The LDQ lacks normative data, but demonstrates satisfactory validity, with a single factor explaining 64% variance, and strong reliability…